IE81 M acquired unit C, a manufacturing operation in North America, in December 20X2. Unlike M's other North American operations, C operates in an industry with high margins and high growth rates, and with the benefit of a 10-year patent on its primary product. The patent was granted to C just before M's acquisition of C. As part of accounting for the acquisition of C, M recognised, in addition to the patent, goodwill of CU3,000 and a brand name of CU1,000. M's management has determined that the brand name has an indefinite useful life. M has no other intangible assets with indefinite useful lives.
IE82 The carrying amounts of goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite useful lives allocated to units A, B and C and to operation XYZ are as follows:
     Goodwill CU    Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives CU
A    350    
B    450    
C    3,000    1,000
XYZ    1,200    
Total    5,000    1,000

Example 9 – Disclosures about Cash-generating Units with Goodwill or Intangible Assets with Indefinite Useful Lives
The purpose of this example is to illustrate the disclosures required by paragraphs 134 and 135 of IAS 36.
Background
IE80 Entity M is a multinational manufacturing firm that uses geographical segments as its primary format for reporting segment information. M's three reportable segments based on that format are Europe, North America and Asia. Goodwill has been allocated for impairment testing purposes to three individual cash-generating units-two in Europe (units A and B) and one in North America (unit C)-and to one group of cash-generating units (comprising operation XYZ) in Asia. Units A, B and C and operation XYZ each represent the lowest level within M at which the goodwill is monitored for internal management purposes.

Schedule 5. Impairment testing the smallest group of cash-generating units to which the carrying amount of the research centre can be allocated (ie M as a whole)
     A CU    B CU    C CU    Building CU    Research centre CU    M CU
End of 20X0                              
Carrying amount    100    150    200    150    50    650
Impairment loss arising from the first step of the test    -    (30)    (3)    (13)    -    (46)
Carrying amount after the first step of the test    100    120    197    137    50    604
Recoverable amount (Schedule 2)                        720
Impairment loss for the 'larger' cash-generating unit                        0
IE79 Therefore, no additional impairment loss results from the application of the impairment test to M as a whole. Only an impairment loss of CU46 is recognised as a result of the application of the first step of the test to A, B and C.

Schedule 3. Impairment testing A, B and C
     A CU    B CU    C CU
End of 20X0              
Carrying amount (after allocation of the building) (Schedule 1)    119    206    275
Recoverable amount (Schedule 2) 199 164 271 Impairment loss    0    (42)    (4)
IE77 The next step is to allocate the impairment losses between the assets of the cash-generating units and the headquarters building.
Schedule 4. Allocation of the impairment losses for cash-generating units B and C
     B CU         C CU    
Cash-generating unit                    
To headquarters building    (12)    (42 × 56/206)    (1)    (4 × 75/275)
To assets in cash-generating unit    (30)    (42 × 150/206)    (3)    (4 × 200/275)
     (42)         (4)    
IE78 Because the research centre could not be allocated on a reasonable and consistent basis to A, B and C's cash-generating units, M compares the carrying amount of the smallest group of cash-generating units to which the carrying amount of the research centre can be allocated (ie M as a whole) to its recoverable amount.

IE76 Paragraph 102 of IAS 36 requires first that the recoverable amount of each individual cash-generating unit be compared with its carrying amount, including the portion of the carrying amount of the headquarters building allocated to the unit, and any resulting impairment loss recognised. Paragraph 102 of IAS 36 then requires the recoverable amount of M as a whole (ie the smallest group of cash-generating units that includes the research centre) to be compared with its carrying amount, including both the headquarters building and the research centre.
Schedule 2. Calculation of A, B, C and M's value in use at the end of 20X0
     A    B    C    M
Year    Future cash flows CU    Discount at 15% CU    Future cash flows CU    Discount at 15% CU    Future cash flows CU    Discount at 15% CU    Future cash flows CU    Discount at 15% CU
1    18    16    9    8    10    9    39    34
2    31    23    16    12    20    15    72    54
3    37    24    24    16    34    22    105    69
4    42    24    29    17    44    25    128    73
5    47    24    32    16    51    25    143    71
6    52    22    33    14    56    24    155    67
7    55    21    34    13    60    22    162    61
8    55    18    35    11    63    21    166    54
9    53    15    35    10    65    18    167    48
10    48    12    35    9    66    16    169    42
11            36    8    66    14    132    28
12            35    7    66    12    131    25
13            35    6    66    11    131    21
14            33    5    65    9    128    18
15            30    4    62    8    122    15
16            26    3    60    6    115    12
17            22    2    57    5    108    10
18            18    1    51    4    97    8
19            14    1    43    3    85    6
20            10    1    35    2    71    4
Value in use        199        164        271        720*
* It is assumed that the research centre generates additional future cash flows for the entity as a whole. Therefore, the sum of the value in use of each individual cash-generating unit is less than the value in use of the business as a whole. The additional cash flows are not attributable to the headquarters building.

IE75 The carrying amount of the headquarters building is allocated to the carrying amount of each individual cash-generating unit. A weighted allocation basis is used because the estimated remaining useful life of A's cash-generating unit is 10 years, whereas the estimated remaining useful lives of B and C's cash-generating units are 20 years.
Schedule 1. Calculation of a weighted allocation of the carrying amount of the headquarters building
     A CU    B CU    C CU    Total CU
End of 20X0                    
Carrying amount    100    150    200    450
Useful life    10 years    20 years    20 years    
Weighting based on useful life    1    2    2    
Carrying amount after weighting    100    300    400    800
Pro-rata allocation of the building    12% (100/800)    38% (300/800)    50% (400/800)    100%
Allocation of the carrying amount of the building (based on pro-rata above)    19    56    75    150
Carrying amount (after allocation of the building)    119    206    275    600
Determination of Recoverable Amount and Calculation of Impairment Losses

IE72 The recoverable amount (ie higher of value in use and fair value less costs to sell) of each cash-generating unit is based on its value in use. Value in use is calculated using a pre-tax discount rate of 15 per cent.
Identification of Corporate Assets
IE73 In accordance with paragraph 102 of IAS 36, M first identifies all the corporate assets that relate to the individual cash-generating units under review. The corporate assets are the headquarters building and the research centre.
IE74 M then decides how to deal with each of the corporate assets:
(a) the carrying amount of the headquarters building can be allocated on a reasonable and consistent basis to the cash-generating units under review; and
(b) the carrying amount of the research centre cannot be allocated on a reasonable and consistent basis to the individual cash-generating units under review.
Allocation of Corporate Assets

Example 8 - Allocation of Corporate Assets
In this example, tax effects are ignored.
Background
IE69 Entity M has three cash-generating units: A, B and C. The carrying amounts of those units do not include goodwill. There are adverse changes in the technological environment in which M operates. Therefore, M conducts impairment tests of each of its cashgenerating units. At the end of 20X0, the carrying amounts of A, B and C are CU100, CU150 and CU200 respectively.
IE70 The operations are conducted from a headquarters. The carrying amount of the headquarters is CU200: a headquarters building of CU150 and a research centre of CU50. The relative carrying amounts of the cash-generating units are a reasonable indication of the proportion of the headquarters building devoted to each cash-generating unit. The carrying amount of the research centre cannot be allocated on a reasonable basis to the individual cash-generating units.
IE71 The remaining estimated useful life of cash-generating unit A is 10 years. The remaining useful lives of B, C and the headquarters are 20 years. The headquarters is depreciated on a straight-line basis.

IE66 In accordance with paragraph 104 of IAS 36, the impairment loss of CU850 is allocated to the assets in the unit by first reducing the carrying amount of goodwill to zero.
IE67 Therefore, CU500 of the CU850 impairment loss for the unit is allocated to the goodwill. However, because the goodwill is recognised only to the extent of X's 80 per cent ownership interest in Y, X recognises only 80 per cent of that goodwill impairment loss (ie CU400).
IE68 The remaining impairment loss of CU350 is recognised by reducing the carrying amounts of Y's identifiable assets (see Schedule 2).
Schedule 2. Allocation of the impairment loss for Y at the end of 20X3
     Goodwill CU    Identifiable net assets CU    Total CU
End of 20X3              
Gross carrying amount    400    1,500    1,900
Accumulated depreciation    -    (150)    (150)
Carrying amount    400    1,350    1,750
Impairment loss    (400)    (350)    (750)
Carrying amount after impairment loss    -    1,000    1,000

Testing Y for Impairment
IE65 A portion of Y's recoverable amount of CU1,000 is attributable to the unrecognised minority interest in goodwill. Therefore, in accordance with paragraph 92 of IAS 36, the carrying amount of Y must be notionally adjusted to include goodwill attributable to the minority interest, before being compared with the recoverable amount of CU1,000.
Schedule 1. Testing Y for impairment at the end of 20X3
     Goodwill CU    Identifiable net assets CU    Total CU
End of 20X3              
Gross carrying amount    400    1,500    1,900
Accumulated depreciation    -    (150)    (150)
Carrying amount    400    1,350    1,750
Unrecognised minority interest    100*    -    100
Notionally adjusted carrying amount    500    1,350    1,850
Recoverable amount            1,000
Impairment loss            850
* Goodwill attributable to X's 80% interest in Y at the acquisition date is CU400.

Therefore, goodwill notionally attributable to the 20% minority interest in Y at the acquisition date is CU100.